\u53e4\u4ee3\u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30a8\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u90fd\u5e02\u306e\u8981\u585e\u5efa\u8a2d\u306f\u3001\u65e7\u7d04\u8056\u66f8\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u898b\u306e\u9593\u3067\u4eca\u306a\u304a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u7684\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3068\u304f\u306b\u5217\u738b\u8a18\u4e0a9\u7ae015\u7bc0\u306b\u3042\u308b\u300c\u30bd\u30ed\u30e2\u30f3\u738b\u304c\u30cf\u30c4\u30a9\u30eb\u3001\u30e1\u30ae\u30c9\u3001\u30b2\u30bc\u30eb\u3092\u5efa\u8a2d\u3057\u305f\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e00\u6587\u306f\u3001\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u3068\u8056\u66f8\u5b66\u306e\u53cc\u65b9\u304b\u3089\u95a2\u5fc3\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u306e\u5b9f\u50cf\u3092\u8aad\u307f\u89e3\u304f\u4e0a\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8ad6\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\uff0e\u4e3b\u306a\u8981\u585e\u5efa\u7bc9\u306e\u7279\u5fb4<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6700\u521d\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u3079\u304d\u306f\u300c\u516d\u5ba4\u9580\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u90fd\u5e02\u306e\u5165\u308a\u53e3\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u9580\u3067\u3001\u901a\u8def\u306e\u4e21\u5074\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c3\u3064\u3001\u8a086\u3064\u306e\u5c0f\u90e8\u5c4b\u304c\u4e26\u3076\u7279\u7570\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u516d\u5ba4\u9580\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u76ee\u7684\u306f\u3001\u9632\u5fa1\u529b\u306e\u5f37\u5316\u3068\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6575\u306e\u4fb5\u5165\u3092\u9632\u3050\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u7d4c\u8def\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5e73\u6642\u306b\u306f\u7a0e\u306e\u5fb4\u53ce\u3084\u7269\u8cc7\u691c\u67fb\u306e\u300c\u95a2\u6240\u300d\u306e\u5f79\u5272\u3082\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u5efa\u7bc9\u306f\u300c\u30ab\u30b9\u30d0\u578b\u57ce\u58c1\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u4e8c\u91cd\u58c1\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5c0f\u90e8\u5c4b\u3092\u8a2d\u3051\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5e73\u6642\u306f\u5009\u5eab\u3084\u5175\u820e\u3001\u6226\u6642\u306b\u306f\u5404\u90e8\u5c4b\u3092\u571f\u3067\u57cb\u3081\u3066\u58c1\u3092\u5f37\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8a2d\u8a08\u304c\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9632\u5fa1\u3068\u751f\u6d3b\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4e21\u7acb\u3055\u305b\u305f\u3053\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u53e4\u4ee3\u90fd\u5e02\u9632\u885b\u306e\u77e5\u6075\u3092\u8c61\u5fb4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\uff0e\u5efa\u8a2d\u5e74\u4ee3\u3092\u3081\u3050\u308b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7acb\u5834<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u554f\u984c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8981\u585e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u300c\u3044\u3064\u300d\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u306e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e3b\u306b\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7acb\u5834\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1\uff09\u9ad8\u5e74\u4ee3\u8aac\uff08\u30bd\u30ed\u30e2\u30f3\u738b\u6642\u4ee3\u8aac\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u516d\u5ba4\u9580\u3084\u30ab\u30b9\u30d0\u578b\u57ce\u58c1\u304c\u30bd\u30ed\u30e2\u30f3\u738b\u306e\u6642\u4ee3\u3001\u7d00\u5143\u524d10\u4e16\u7d00\u306b\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3059\u308b\u7acb\u5834\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8056\u66f8\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u3001\u30cf\u30c4\u30a9\u30eb\u3001\u30e1\u30ae\u30c9\u3001\u30b2\u30bc\u30eb\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u5171\u901a\u306e\u5efa\u7bc9\u69d8\u5f0f\u304c\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2\uff09\u4f4e\u5e74\u4ee3\u8aac\uff08\u30aa\u30e0\u30ea\u738b\u671d\u6642\u4ee3\u8aac\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3000\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8981\u585e\u306f\u5317\u738b\u56fd\u30aa\u30e0\u30ea\u738b\u671d\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u7d00\u5143\u524d9\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8aac\u3067\u3059\u3002\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u70ad\u7d20\u5e74\u4ee3\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3084\u9676\u5668\u5206\u6790\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u3092\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u8056\u66f8\u8a18\u8ff0\u306e\u6b74\u53f2\u6027\u3092\u3069\u306e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u304b\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3\uff0e\u6700\u8fd1\u306e\u767a\u6398\u6210\u679c\u3068\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8fd1\u5e74\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8ad6\u4e89\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u306e\u304c\u3001\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc\u30d6\u30f3\u30fb\u30aa\u30eb\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\u3068\u30b5\u30df\u30e5\u30a8\u30eb\u30fb\u30a6\u30eb\u30d5\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30b2\u30bc\u30eb\u907a\u8de1\u306e\u65b0\u767a\u898b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b2\u30bc\u30eb\u907a\u8de1\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u306e\u7b2c8\u5c64\uff08Stratum\uff18\uff09\u3067\u300110\u4e16\u7d00\u306b\u3055\u304b\u306e\u307c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u306a\u884c\u653f\u5efa\u7269\u3068\u30ab\u30b9\u30d0\u578b\u57ce\u58c1\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6fc0\u3057\u3044\u7834\u58ca\u5c64\u304c\u78ba\u8a8d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u30a8\u30b8\u30d7\u30c8\u306e\u30b7\u30b7\u30e3\u30af\u738b\u306e\u9060\u5f81\u3068\u95a2\u9023\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u516d\u5ba4\u9580\u3082\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6a29\u7684\u306a\u7d71\u6cbb\u306e\u8c61\u5fb4\u3068\u89e3\u91c8\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u767a\u898b\u306f\u3001\u30b2\u30bc\u30eb\u304c\u7d00\u5143\u524d10\u4e16\u7d00\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u30bd\u30ed\u30e2\u30f3\u671f\u306b\u8981\u585e\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3092\u5f37\u304f\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3001\u9ad8\u5e74\u4ee3\u8aac\u3092\u652f\u6301\u3059\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304c\u30bd\u30ed\u30e2\u30f3\u738b\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u4e8b\u696d\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u306f\u4f9d\u7136\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u4f59\u5730\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u306f\u51fa\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8056\u66f8\u3068\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u5bfe\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5bfe\u8a71\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3080\u3057\u308d\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3084\u8ad6\u4e89\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u77e5\u898b\u304c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8981\u585e\u5efa\u8a2d\u306e\u5e74\u4ee3\u3084\u5efa\u8a2d\u4e3b\u4f53\u306f\u3001\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u767a\u6398\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u5149\u304c\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6c7a\u7740\u306f\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u8056\u66f8\u3068\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u306f\u5bfe\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u5bfe\u8a71\u3092\u91cd\u306d\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u6027\u3092\u96a0\u3055\u305a\u5171\u6709\u3059\u308b\u614b\u5ea6\u306f\u3001\u77e5\u7684\u306a\u4fe1\u983c\u611f\u3092\u751f\u307f\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u77e5\u898b\u3078\u306e\u671f\u5f85\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3069\u3093\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u304f\u308b\u306e\u304b\u697d\u3057\u307f\u3067\u3059\uff08Dr. Makoto\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Session 16 \u2014 The Debate on Fortified Cities in 1 Kings 9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Fortified cities in ancient Israel are still discussed today by Bible scholars and archaeologists. In 1 Kings 9:15 we read that King Solomon \u201cbuilt Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer.\u201d This short verse has raised big questions. It invites us to ask what really happened in history and how we can read the Bible together with new finds from the ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. Key features of the fortifications<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n First, we look at the six\u2011chambered gate<\/strong>. This is a city gate with six small rooms, three on each side of the passage. The plan is not simple. It slows down enemies and makes the gate easier to defend. In peaceful times, the rooms can be used to check goods and collect taxes, like an ancient checkpoint.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Another important feature is the casemate wall<\/strong>. This is a double wall with small rooms in between. People can use these rooms as storage or barracks. In war, the rooms can be filled with earth to make the wall much stronger. In this way, daily life and defense needs work together in one design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. Two main views about the date<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The next question is when<\/strong> these structures were built. There are two main views.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The High Chronology<\/strong> says they belong to the tenth century BCE<\/strong>, the time of King Solomon<\/strong>. This view points to the Bible text and to the similar style of gates and walls at Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The Low Chronology<\/strong> says they belong to the ninth century BCE<\/strong>, the time of the Omride dynasty<\/strong> in the northern kingdom. This view uses radiocarbon dates and pottery studies to support a later time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n At the heart of the debate is this: how far should we take the Bible\u2019s story as direct history, and how should we weigh it with the science from the digs?<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Recent finds and their meaning<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Recent work at Tel Gezer<\/strong> has added new pieces to the puzzle. In Stratum 8<\/strong> (that means \u201cLayer 8\u201d in the ground), the team of Steven Ortiz<\/strong> and Samuel Wolff<\/strong> found a large administrative building<\/strong>, casemate fortifications<\/strong>, and a heavy destruction layer<\/strong>. Many scholars link that destruction to the Egyptian campaign of Shishak<\/strong> (also called Sheshonq I<\/strong>). A six\u2011chambered gate<\/strong>, very similar to the ones at Hazor and Megiddo, also appears here. These finds suggest that Gezer was a fortified administrative city<\/strong> in the tenth century BCE<\/strong>. This gives support to the High Chronology. Still, we cannot say for sure that the builder was Solomon himself; this point remains under discussion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Bible and archaeology are not enemies. They are in conversation<\/strong>. When we admit what we do not yet know, new ideas can grow, and trust can grow too. Scholars are still debating whether this gate is from Solomon\u2019s time or from the later Omride dynasty. This passage is still uncertain, so we look forward to further research.<\/strong> \u53e4\u4ee3\u30a4\u30b9\u30e9\u30a8\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u90fd\u5e02\u306e\u8981\u585e\u5efa\u8a2d\u306f\u3001\u65e7\u7d04\u8056\u66f8\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3068\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u898b\u306e\u9593\u3067\u4eca\u306a\u304a\u8b70\u8ad6\u306e\u7684\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1060","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-8","category-12"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1060","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1060"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1060\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1061,"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1060\/revisions\/1061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fbi.futakotamagawa.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
(Dr. Makoto)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"